[LONGHAIR]

That's not just any posi....That is a "Gov-Lock". They are well known for scattering parts, though it is usually the little gear parts. That looks like some of the seperator plate parts from the clutches.
Be aware that it is now totally junk. You may be able to get parts for it, but dont watse your time/money.
If that red sealer smear was already there, someone else has already grenaded it and knows it. The simplest and most cost effective way to fix this is to find a good "complete" rear end. Salvage, Craigslist, etc.
If you go that route, be sure to open it up and look inside before you buy. Avoid another "Gov-Lock", look for an open or "regular" posi unit. The parts with the arrows will indicate the "Gov-Lock" indicators, a "regular" Posi doesn't have them. The top two are the governor wheels. The bottom arrow points to where you will see some small gear teeth, behind the side gear.
These are "Gov-lock" parts, a regular posi will just have flat plates with coils springs between them wedged in the side gears.